Nutrition6 min readBy Espen Opdahl

Peanut Butter Tops Legume Protein, Then Falls to 11th

Peanut butter has the most protein per 100g of 13 legumes (25.9g) but ranks 11th per 100 calories. Firm tofu leads at 12.0g; lentils lead the beans.

Smooth reduced-fat peanut butter has the most protein of any legume we hold: 25.9g per 100g. Count protein per 100 calories instead and it drops to 11th of 13, at 4.98g. Firm tofu takes first place on that count, at 12.0g of protein per 100 calories — 2.4 times what peanut butter gives you for the same calories. All of these numbers are taken from USDA FoodData Central (peanut butter is FDC 172458, firm tofu FDC 172475).

Peanuts are legumes, not nuts, which is why USDA files peanut butter next to beans and lentils. That filing is what makes this list interesting: one of the most calorie-dense foods in the kitchen sits in the same group as some of the leanest.

Which legume has the most protein?

Per 100g, reduced-fat peanut butter at 25.9g. Per 100 calories, firm tofu at 12.0g. The two lists below use the same 13 foods. Only the unit changes.

Food (USDA description)Protein /100 kcalProtein /100gCalories /100g
Tofu, raw, firm, prepared with calcium sulfate12.01g17.3g144
MORI-NU, Tofu, silken, firm11.13g6.9g62
Tempeh10.57g20.3g192
Lentils, mature seeds, cooked, boiled, with salt7.91g9.02g114
Peas, split, mature seeds, cooked, boiled, with salt7.19g8.34g116
Beans, kidney, red, mature seeds, cooked, boiled, with salt6.83g8.67g127
Beans, black, mature seeds, cooked, boiled, with salt6.71g8.86g132
Beans, pinto, mature seeds, cooked, boiled, with salt6.30g9.01g143
Beans, navy, mature seeds, cooked, boiled, with salt5.88g8.23g140
Chickpeas (garbanzo beans, bengal gram), mature seeds, cooked, boiled, with salt5.40g8.86g164
Peanut butter, smooth, reduced fat4.98g25.9g520
Peanuts, virginia, raw4.48g25.2g563
Hummus, commercial3.28g7.78g237

Silken tofu goes from last to second

Firm silken tofu has the least protein per 100g of all 13 legumes — 6.9g — and the second-most per 100 calories, at 11.13g. It is mostly water. That makes it weak by weight and strong by calories, because water adds grams but no calories.

Peanut butter is the mirror image. It holds very little water and a lot of fat, so it is first by weight and near the bottom by calories. Neither food changed. What changed is what you are counting against.

So which count should you use? If calories do not matter to you — you are trying to gain weight, or you just want a lot of protein in a small spoonful — go by the per-100g column. If you are watching calories, the per-100-calorie column is the honest one, and peanut butter is a poor way to get protein.

Which beans have the most protein?

Among cooked beans and pulses, boiled lentils lead at 7.91g of protein per 100 calories. Chickpeas come last of the seven at 5.40g. By weight the seven sit very close together, between 8.23g and 9.02g per 100g, so for beans the calorie count is the only one that separates them.

Lentils give 59% more protein per calorie than peanut butter. A 200g bowl of boiled lentils is 228 calories and 18.0g of protein. To get the same protein from reduced-fat peanut butter you would eat 70g of it, which is 362 calories.

The fiber leaders are a different list

Boiled navy beans carry the most fiber of the 12 legumes that have a fiber value — 10.5g per 100g — while firm tofu, the protein-per-calorie leader, has 2.3g. Tempeh has no fiber value in its USDA row, so it is left out of this count rather than shown as zero.

Food (USDA description)Fiber /100gProtein /100 kcal
Beans, navy, mature seeds, cooked, boiled, with salt10.5g5.88g
Beans, pinto, mature seeds, cooked, boiled, with salt9g6.30g
Beans, black, mature seeds, cooked, boiled, with salt8.7g6.71g
Peanuts, virginia, raw8.5g4.48g
Peas, split, mature seeds, cooked, boiled, with salt8.3g7.19g
Lentils, mature seeds, cooked, boiled, with salt7.9g7.91g
Tofu, raw, firm, prepared with calcium sulfate2.3g12.01g
MORI-NU, Tofu, silken, firm0.1g11.13g

If you want protein and fiber from the same food, boiled lentils are the best compromise in this data: fourth on protein per calorie and 7.9g of fiber per 100g. Tofu wins on protein and gives you almost no fiber.

What we left out, and why

Soy sauce is not in these tables, even though USDA files it as a legume product and it would top the per-calorie list at 17.5g of protein per 100 calories. Nobody eats 100 calories of soy sauce. It is a salty seasoning used a teaspoon at a time, so ranking it as a protein source would be true on paper and useless on a plate.

The bean and lentil rows are cooked and boiled with salt, the tofu and peanut rows are raw, and hummus is a shop-bought product with oil and tahini in it — which is why it comes last. The silken tofu row is one brand, MORI-NU, because that is the row USDA publishes. We hold no edamame row among these 13, so none is ranked here.

Where to go from here

The full numbers for each food sit on our pages for firm tofu, lentils and peanut butter. Two head-to-heads are worth a look if you are choosing between them: lentils vs tofu and tempeh vs tofu.

The hard part is the spoon

Peanut butter is where most people's protein maths goes wrong. A "spoonful" can be 15g or 40g depending on the spoon and the mood, and at 520 calories per 100g that gap is about 130 calories.

Sunn is built for exactly that kind of guess. Tell it "toast with a big spoon of peanut butter" in WhatsApp and it logs a sensible amount, then asks one quick question only if the answer would really change your day. No weighing, no searching a database, no app to open.

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Written by Espen Opdahl

Founder of Sunn. Building AI-powered nutrition coaching to make healthy eating simple. Nutrition data sourced from the USDA FoodData Central database.

Medical disclaimer: This content is for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider before making changes to your diet or exercise routine.

Common Questions

Which legume has the most protein?

It depends on how you count. Per 100g, smooth reduced-fat peanut butter has the most, at 25.9g (USDA FoodData Central, FDC 172458). Per 100 calories, firm tofu leads at 12.0g (FDC 172475), and peanut butter falls to 11th of 13 legumes at 4.98g. Peanuts are legumes, which is why peanut butter appears in this group at all.

Which beans have the most protein?

Among cooked beans and pulses, boiled lentils give the most protein per calorie: 7.91g per 100 calories. Split peas are next at 7.19g, then kidney beans at 6.83g and black beans at 6.71g. Chickpeas are last of the seven at 5.40g. By weight the seven are very close, between 8.23g and 9.02g of protein per 100g, so the calorie count is what separates them.

Is peanut butter a good source of protein?

By weight, yes: 25.9g of protein per 100g for smooth reduced-fat peanut butter. By calories, no: 4.98g per 100 calories, 11th of the 13 legumes we hold. Boiled lentils give 59% more protein per calorie. To match the 18.0g of protein in a 200g bowl of lentils (228 calories) you would need 70g of peanut butter, which is 362 calories.

Does tofu have more protein than beans?

Per calorie, yes, by a wide margin. Firm tofu gives 12.01g of protein per 100 calories against 7.91g for boiled lentils, the best of the cooked beans and pulses. Per 100g the gap is also large: 17.3g for firm tofu against 8.23g to 9.02g for cooked beans. Silken tofu is the exception by weight, at only 6.9g per 100g, because it is mostly water.

Which legume has the most fiber?

Boiled navy beans, at 10.5g of fiber per 100g, followed by pinto beans at 9g and black beans at 8.7g. The protein-per-calorie leaders are low in fiber: firm tofu has 2.3g and silken tofu 0.1g. Boiled lentils are the best compromise, fourth on protein per calorie with 7.9g of fiber per 100g. Tempeh has no fiber value in its USDA row and is left out of this count.

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